\\School Expenditure per Student -- Average expenditures per student in public schools (NCES CCD 1996-1997 Financial Survey)
\\Test Score Percentile (Income adjusted) -- Residual from a regression of mean math and English standardized test scores on household income per capita in 2000 (George Bush Global Report Card)
\\Student Teacher Ratio -- Average student-teacher ratio in public schools (NCES CCD 1996-1997 Universe Survey)
\\High School Dropout Rate (Income adjusted) -- Residual from a regression of high school dropout rates on household income per capita in 2000. Coded as missing for cities in which dropout rates are missing for more than 25% of school districts. (NCES CCD 2000-2001)
\\Number of Colleges per Capita -- Number of Title IV, degree offering insitutions per capita (IPEDS 2000)
\\College Graduation Rate (Income Adjusted) -- Residual from a regression of graduation rate (the share of undergraduate students that complete their degree in 150% of normal time) on household income per capita in 2000 (IPEDS 2009)
\\Household Income per Capita -- Aggregate household income in the 2000 census divided by the number of people aged 16-64 (2000 Census SF3 Sample Data Table P054)
\\Gini -- Gini coefficient computed using parents of children in the core sample, with income topcoded at $100 million in 2012 dollars (Tax Records, Core Sample)
\\Top 1% Income Share -- The fraction of income within a city going to the top 1% defined within the city, computed using parents of children in the core sample (Tax Records, Core Sample)
\\Gini Bottom 99% -- Gini coefficient minus top 1% income share (Tax Records, Core Sample)
\\Fraction Middle Class (between p25 and p75) -- Fraction of parents (in the core sample) whose income falls between the 25th and 75th percentile of the national parent income distribution (Tax Records, Core Sample)
\\Income Growth 2000-2006 -- Per family income growth averaged across community and agains national average
\\Fraction Religious -- Share of religious adherents (Association of Religion Data Archives)
\\Violent Crime Rate -- Number of arrests for serious violent crimes per capita (Uniform Crime Reports)
\\Fraction of Children with Single Mothers -- Number of single female households with children divided by total number of households with children (2000 Census SF3 Sample Data Table P015)
\\Fraction of Adults Divorced -- Fraction of people 15 or older who are divorced (2000 Census SF3 Sample Data Table P018)
\\‘Lost Einsteins’ is a data visualization based on the idea that all children are born with the same propensity for curiosity and drive to innovate and yet only some eventually grow up to invent and create in their adult lives. The term ‘Lost Einsteins’ is in reference to all the children who could have become great inventors (aka ‘Einsteins’) had they been given the same opportunities for creativity, learning, and risk-taking as the most privileged child population.
\\My dataset groups the entire US into commuting zones and each commuting zone, in turn, is divided into five income-based quintiles from 1980-1985. Each quintile has a percentage that denotes the rate at which kids (in that commuting zone and in that income quintile) grew up to become inventors. The overall trend is that the wealthier you are growing up, the more likely you are to become an inventor -- this is demonstrated in the prominently featured line graph, which displays the curve for a specific city as well as the national average.
\\Beneath that is a series of bar charts based on a large selection of data grouped into the same commuting zones as my original dataset. You can compare a commuting zones stats in three categories: schools, income, and family, and against national averages for each datapoint. The goal is to recognize deviations in communities that activate inventors and then investigate specifically why that might be by searching for other deviations throughout that community.